Abstract Background While leaves are far more accessible for analysing plant defences, roots are hidden in the soil, leading to difficulties in studying soil-borne interactions.Inoculation strategies for infecting model plants with model root pathogens silbrade are described in the literature, but it remains demanding to obtain a methodological ove
Authorship Verification (AV) is a text classification task concerned with inferring whether a candidate text has been written by one specific author (A) or by someone else ( $overline {A}$ ).Itehas been shown that many AV systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where a malicious author actively tries to fool the classifier by either conceali
Most of the existing methods of pile settlement calculation, including normative methods, do not fully take into account the processes occurring in the soil when loads are transferred to them and the changes in the properties of the contact zone soils.This leads to underutilisation of the bearing capacity of the soil, and the calculated settlement
Abstract Introduction Open Online Courses (OOCs) are increasingly presented as a possible solution to the many challenges of higher education.However, there is currently little evidence available to support decisions around the use of OOCs in health professions education.The aim of this systematic review was to summarise the available evidence desc